Friendship and belonging are essential for middle school students (grades 6-9), shaping their well-being, identity formation, and academic engagement (Tsou et al., 2024). For neurodiverse youth, including children with autism, ADHD, and other developmental disabilities, structured opportunities to connect meaningfully with peers can reduce loneliness and enhance participation in a variety of activities (Hassani et al., 2022; Zanuttini & Little, 2022). Educators can foster belonging by embedding peer-mediated interventions, creating inclusive routines, and elevating student voice in the daily routines that are present in most middle schools (Biggs et al., 2023; Littlefair et al., 2024).
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